3D-Counterinsurgency Operations (1993-2000)

The 1990s saw a rise in insurgencies and terrorist activities, which were difficult to combat with the military forces of the Cold War that were designed for more traditional campaigns as in Iraq and Bosnia. In most cases, the US military provided only evacuation support with helicopters and tactical cargo aircraft. During my time in service, the US performed evacuations in the countries of Sierra Leone (1991/1997/2000), Zaire (1991), Central African Republic (1996), Albania (1997), Cambodia (1997), Congo (1997), Gabon (1997), and Liberia (1998).
• CH-47D Chinook (USA)
* CH-46E Sea Knight (USMC)
* CH-53E Sea Stallion (USMC)
* SH-53E Sea Stallion (USN)
* C-130H Hercules (USAF)

OPERATION RESTORE HOPE / GOTHIC SERPENT (1993)
In the case of Somalia, support of a UN humanitarian effort turned violent. The US resorted to using the Marines as an invasion force to secure the regions near Mogadishu from warlords. Later. joint US Special Forces were ambushed while on an operation to capture warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid.
- AH-1W Super Cobra (USMC)
• AH-1S Cobra (USA)
• OH-58D Kiowa (USA)
- MH-6J Little Bird (USA)
- MH-60L Black Hawk (USA)
- M1097A2 HMMVW (USA)

OPERATION INFINITE REACH (1998)
In February 1998, Osama bin Laden issued a fatwa in the name of the World Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders. Deploring the stationing of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia, the alleged U.S. aim to fragment Iraq, and U.S. support for Israel, they declared that "The ruling to kill the Americans and their allies, civilian and military, is an individual duty for every Muslim who can do it in any country in which it is possible to do it." In August 1998, al-Qaeda teams attacked the US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania simultaneously with truck bombs. In Nairobi, the explosion collapsed the nearby Ufundi Building and destroyed the embassy, killing 213 people, including 12 Americans; another 4,000 people were wounded. In Dar es Salaam, the bomber was unable to get close enough to the embassy to demolish it, but the blast killed 11 Africans and wounded 85. Bin Laden justified the high-casualty attacks, the largest against the U.S. since the 1983 Beirut barracks bombings, by claiming they were in retaliation for the deployment of U.S. troops in Somalia. In retaliation for this attack, the US launched Tomahawk cruise missile attacks on al-Qaeda targets: a training camp in Afghanistan where Osama bin Laden was presumed to be present, and a suspected chemical weapons manufacturing facility in Tanzania.

Zhawar Kili al-Badr Camp Attack
• RGM-109D/UGM-109D TLAM-D (USN)
* Arleigh Burke-class (USN DDG-69)
* Spruance-class (USN DD-967)
* Ticonderoga-class (USN CG-63/67)
* Los Angeles-class (SSN-771)

Al-Shifa Pharmaceutical Factory Attack
• RGM-108C TLAM (USN)
* Spruance-class (USN DD-977/997)

• Featured in another collection
* Wishlist