Р-29
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The R-29 was the first Soviet sea-based ICBM, entering service in 1974. Deployed on Delta-class submarines, the missile's long range allowed submarine alert patrols in the marginal ice seas of the Soviet Arctic littoral, including the Norwegian and Barents Seas. Consequently, Soviet submarines no longer needed to pass through Western SOSUS sonar barriers to come within range of their targets.
The R-29 is a two-stage liquid fuel rocket carrying a single warhead. According to Western estimates in the 1970s, the SS-N-8 was capable of delivering a 0.6-1.5 MT warhead a distance of 4200 nm. The R-29 was equipped with ballistic missile defense countermeasures. Decoys were carried in a cylindrical container in the fuel tank of the second stage and released during nose cone separation.
